XYS decoction has been mainly used to treat LSSDS and mental disorders in TCM clinic. The chemical constituent of XYS includes peoniflorin, saikoside, ferulic acid, atractylol, glycyrrhetate, curcumin, and menthone. XYS decoction which was created in Song Dynasty (960-1127 AD) contains Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Poria, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Bupleuri, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Herba Menthae, and Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has an active effect on chronic disease and psychiatry. CIS can not only induce spatial learning and memory deficit, but also result in rats with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome (LSSDS) in traditional Chinese medicine. Research found 602 genes in the hippocampus were differentially expressed in CIS (3 h per day for a 7-day period) induced rats, as well as 566 genes in hippocampus were differentially expressed in CIS (3 h per day for a 21-day period) induced rats. CIS causes dendritic atrophy of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons and alterations in the levels of neurotransmitters in the hippocampus. CIS significantly decreases the hippocampal volume by 3%–6.3%, attenuates long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices, and causes hippocampal CA3 apical dendritic retraction which parallels spatial memory impairments in male rats. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity plays a key role in learning and memory. Learning and memory deficit is a very important symptom in central nervous system injury. These findings suggested that XYS decoction may be helpful in reversing CIS induced learning and memory deficit by increasing the levels of PSD-95 and SYP on the hippocampal nerve synapses and improving synaptic plasticity.
Results showed that XYS could improve the situation of slow weight gain induced by CIS, improve the ability of learning and memory, reverse the symptom of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome (LSSDS) in rats, and increase the levels of PSD-95 and SYP on the hippocampal nerve synapses. We used Western blotting to determine the content of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and synaptophysin (SYP) in hippocampus.
We used XYS decoction to treat CIS induced learning and memory deficit in rats with rolipram as positive control, used change of body weight and behavioral tests to determine whether the rats have LSSDS and have learning and memory deficit or not. In this experiment, we observed the effect of XYS decoction on chronic immobilization stress (CIS) induced learning and memory deficit in rats from behaviors and changes of proteins in hippocampus. Xiaoyaosan (XYS) decoction is a famous prescription which can protect nervous system from stress and treat liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome (LSSDS).
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